Ba tare da la'akari da aiki, farashi ko la'akari da aminci ba, batura masu caji masu ƙarfi duka-ƙarfi sune mafi kyawun zaɓi don maye gurbin makamashin burbushin kuma a ƙarshe gane hanyar zuwa sabbin motocin makamashi.
A matsayin wanda ya kirkiro kayan cathode kamar LiCoO2, LiMn2O4 da LiFePO4, Goodenough ya shahara a fagenbaturi lithium-ionkuma hakika shine "mahaifin batirin lithium-ion".
A cikin labarin kwanan nan a cikin NatureElectronics, John B. Goodenough, mai shekaru 96, ya yi bitar tarihin ƙirƙirar batirin lithium-ion mai caji kuma yana nuna hanyar gaba.
A cikin 1970s, rikicin mai ya barke a Amurka.Ganin yadda ta dogara kan shigo da mai, gwamnati ta fara wani babban yunƙuri na haɓaka makamashin hasken rana da iska.Saboda yanayin yanayin makamashin hasken rana da na iska na tsaka-tsaki.batura masu cajia ƙarshe an buƙaci don adana waɗannan hanyoyin makamashi masu sabuntawa da tsabta.
Makullin yin caji da caji mai jujjuyawa shine jujjuyar halayen sinadaran!
A lokacin, yawancin batura marasa caji sun yi amfani da na'urorin lantarki na lithium korau da na'urorin lantarki.Domin samun cim ma batura masu caji, kowa ya fara aiki akan jujjuyawar ions na lithium zuwa cikin madaidaicin karfen sulfide cathodes.Stanley Whittingham na ExxonMobil ya gano cewa ana iya samun cajin caji da fitarwa ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar sunadarai ta hanyar yin amfani da TiS2 mai laushi azaman kayan cathode, tare da fitar da samfurin LiTiS2.
Wannan tantanin halitta, wanda Whittingham ya haɓaka a cikin 1976, ya sami ingantaccen aiki na farko.Duk da haka, bayan da yawa na caji da fitarwa, lithium dendrites sun samo asali a cikin tantanin halitta, wanda ya girma daga mummunan zuwa mafi kyawun lantarki, yana haifar da gajeren da'ira wanda zai iya kunna electrolyte.Wannan yunƙurin kuma, ya ƙare cikin rashin nasara!
A halin da ake ciki, Goodenough, wanda ya koma Oxford, yana binciken yawan lithium da za a iya cirewa daga kayan LiCoO2 da LiNiO2 na katode mai laushi kafin tsarin ya canza.A ƙarshe, sun sami nasarar cirewa fiye da rabin lithium daga kayan cathode.
Wannan binciken daga ƙarshe ya jagoranci Akira Yoshino na AsahiKasei don shirya na farkobaturin lithium-ion mai caji: LiCoO2 a matsayin tabbataccen lantarki da kuma graphitic carbon a matsayin korau lantarki.Anyi nasarar amfani da wannan baturin a farkon wayoyin salula na Sony.
Domin rage farashi da inganta tsaro.Batir mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi duka tare da ƙarfi kamar yadda electrolyte ya zama alama mai mahimmanci ga ci gaban gaba.
Tun farkon shekarun 1960, masanan ilimin kimiya na Turai sun yi aiki a kan jujjuyawar ion lithium zuwa kayan aikin sulfide na ƙarfe na wucin gadi.A wancan lokacin, daidaitattun electrolytes na batura masu caji sun kasance mafi ƙarfi acidic da alkaline aqueous electrolytes kamar H2SO4 ko KOH.Domin, a cikin wadannan masu ruwa-ruwa electrolytes, H+ yana da kyau diffusivity.
A wancan lokacin, an yi mafi kwanciyar hankali da batura masu caji da NiOOH mai yadudduka azaman kayan cathode da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na alkaline mai ruwa a matsayin electrolyte.h+ za a iya jujjuya shi a cikin madaidaicin NiOOH cathode don samar da Ni(OH)2.matsalar ita ce ruwan lantarki mai ruwa da tsaki yana iyakance ƙarfin baturin, wanda ya haifar da ƙarancin ƙarfin kuzari.
A cikin 1967, Joseph Kummer da NeillWeber na Kamfanin Mota na Ford sun gano cewa Na+ yana da kyawawan kaddarorin yaduwa a cikin yumbun lantarki sama da 300°C.Daga nan sai suka ƙirƙiro wani baturi mai caji na Na-S: narkakkar sodium a matsayin sinadari mara kyau da narkakkar sulfur mai ɗauke da makaɗaɗɗen carbon a matsayin tabbataccen lantarki.A sakamakon haka, sun ƙirƙira wani baturi mai caji na Na-S: narkakkar sodium a matsayin wutar lantarki mara kyau, sulfur narkakkar da ke ɗauke da band ɗin carbon a matsayin tabbataccen lantarki, da yumbu mai ƙarfi a matsayin electrolyte.Duk da haka, zafin aiki na 300°C ya halaka wannan baturin da ba zai yiwu a yi ciniki ba.
A cikin 1986, Goodenough ya gane batirin lithium mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi ba tare da tsarar dendrite ta amfani da NASICON ba.A halin yanzu, duk-ƙarfafa-jihar lithium mai caji da batir sodium da aka dogara akan ƙwaƙƙwaran lantarki irin su NASICON an sayar da su.
A cikin 2015, MariaHelena Braga na Jami'ar Porto kuma ta nuna insulating porous oxide m electrolyte tare da lithium da sodium ion conductivity kwatankwacin kwayoyin electrolytes a halin yanzu amfani da lithium-ion baturi.
A takaice, ba tare da la'akari da aiki, farashi ko la'akari da aminci ba, batura masu caji masu ƙarfi duka-ƙarfi sune mafi kyawun zaɓi don maye gurbin makamashin burbushin kuma a ƙarshe gane hanyar zuwa sabbin motocin makamashi!
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-25-2022