Ƙarfin ƙarfi, mafi girma iko, ƙananan girman, ƙananan nauyi, sauƙin masana'anta, da kuma amfani da kayan aiki masu rahusa sune kalubale a zayyana batir na EV. A takaice dai, yana tafasa zuwa farashi da kuma aiki. Yi tunanin shi azaman daidaitawa, inda kilowatt-hour (kWh) da aka samu yana buƙatar samar da iyakar iyaka, amma a farashin da ya dace don ƙera. Sakamakon haka, za ku ga sau da yawa kwatancin fakitin baturi da ke lissafin farashin masana'anta, tare da lambobi, daga $ 240 zuwa $ 280 / kWh a lokacin samarwa, misali.
Oh, kuma kada mu manta da aminci.Ka tuna da Samsung Galaxy Note 7 fiasco a 'yan shekarun da suka wuce, da baturin EV daidai da gobarar abin hawa da Chernobyl kwatankwacin meltdowns.A cikin yanayin halin da ake ciki na bala'i, tazara da kula da thermal tsakanin sel a cikin baturi. shirya don hana ɗayan tantanin halitta kunna wani, wani, da dai sauransu, yana ƙara daɗaɗar haɓakar batirin EV. Daga cikinsu, Tesla ma yana da matsala.
Yayin da fakitin baturi na EV ya ƙunshi manyan sassa uku: ƙwayoyin baturi, tsarin sarrafa baturi, da wani nau'i na akwati ko akwati da ke riƙe su tare, a yanzu, za mu kalli batura da yadda suka samo asali tare da Tesla. amma har yanzu akwai matsala ga Toyota.
Silindrical 18650 baturi baturi ne na lithium-ion mai diamita na 18 mm, tsawon 65 mm da nauyin kimanin gram 47. A matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na 3.7 volts, kowane baturi zai iya cajin har zuwa 4.2 volts da fitarwa a matsayin ƙasa. kamar 2.5 volts, yana adana har zuwa 3500 mAh a kowane tantanin halitta.
Yawa kamar electrolytic capacitors, Tesla ta lantarki abin hawa batura kunshi dogayen zanen gado na anode da cathode, rabu da caji-insulating abu, birgima sama da tam cushe a cikin cylinders don ajiye sarari da kuma adana a matsayin mai yawa makamashi kamar yadda zai yiwu.These cathode (negatively caji) da kuma anode (tabbatacciyar caji) zanen gado kowanne yana da shafuka don haɗa caji iri ɗaya tsakanin sel, yana haifar da baturi mai ƙarfi — suna ƙara har zuwa ɗaya, idan kuna so.
Kamar dai capacitor, yana ƙara ƙarfinsa ta hanyar rage tazara tsakanin zanen gadon anode da cathode, canza dielectric (waɗanda ke sama insulating abu tsakanin zanen gado) zuwa ɗaya tare da izini mafi girma, da haɓaka yanki na anode da cathode. Mataki na gaba a cikin (ikon) Tesla EV baturi shine 2170, wanda ke da ƙaramin silinda ya fi girma fiye da 18650, yana auna 21mm x 70mm kuma yana auna kusan gram 68. A ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki na 3.7 volts, kowane baturi zai iya cajin har zuwa 4.2 volts da fitarwa a matsayin ƙasa da 2.5 volts, yana adana har zuwa 4800 mAh kowace tantanin halitta.
Akwai ciniki-kashe, duk da haka, shi ne mafi yawa game da juriya da zafi tare da buƙatar ɗan ƙaramin gilashi. kuzarin tserewa daga baturi azaman zafi da tsoma baki tare da buƙatar caji mai sauri.
Don ƙirƙirar baturi na gaba tare da ƙarin iko (amma ba tare da ƙara ƙarfin juriya ba), injiniyoyin Tesla sun tsara babban baturi mai girma tare da abin da ake kira "tebur" wanda ke rage hanyar lantarki kuma ta haka yana rage yawan zafin da aka haifar da juriya. Yawancin wannan ana iya danganta su ga wanda zai iya zama mafi kyawun masu binciken baturi a duniya.
An tsara baturin 4680 a cikin nau'i na helix mai tayal don ƙira mai sauƙi, tare da girman kunshin 46mm a diamita da tsayin 80mm. Ba a samun nauyi, amma sauran halayen ƙarfin lantarki an ruwaito sun kasance daidai ko daidai;duk da haka, ana ƙididdige kowane tantanin halitta a kusan 9000 mAh, wanda shine abin da ke sa sabon batir ɗin Tesla flat-panel yayi kyau sosai. Har ila yau, saurin cajinsa yana da kyau ga buƙatu da sauri.
Yayin da ƙara girman kowane tantanin halitta maimakon raguwa na iya zama kamar ya saba wa ƙayyadaddun ƙirar baturin, haɓaka ƙarfin wutar lantarki da kula da thermal na 4680 idan aka kwatanta da 18650 da 2170 ya haifar da ƙarancin sel idan aka kwatanta da amfani da baturi 18650 da 2170. Samfuran Tesla da aka yi amfani da su a baya suna da ƙarin ƙarfin kowane fakitin baturi na girman iri ɗaya.
Daga ma'aunin lambobi, wannan yana nufin cewa kawai ana buƙatar sel 960 "4680" don cika sarari iri ɗaya kamar sel 4,416 "2170", amma tare da ƙarin fa'idodi kamar ƙananan farashin samarwa a kowace kWh da amfani da 4680 Fakitin baturi yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfi sosai.
Kamar yadda aka ambata, ana sa ran 4680 zai ba da sau 5 na ajiyar makamashi da kuma sau 6 ikon idan aka kwatanta da baturin 2170, wanda ke fassara zuwa karuwar tuki da ake tsammanin daga 82 kWh zuwa 95 kWh a cikin sabon Mileage na Teslas yana ƙaruwa zuwa 16%.
Ka tuna, wannan shine kawai tushen batir na Tesla, akwai ƙarin bayan fasaha.Amma wannan shine kyakkyawan farawa ga labarin nan gaba, yayin da za mu koyi yadda za a sarrafa amfani da fakitin baturi, da kuma sarrafa matsalolin tsaro a kusa. samar da zafi, asarar wutar lantarki, da…ba shakka… haɗarin gobarar baturi EV.
Idan kuna son All-Things-Tesla, ga damar ku don siyan sigar Hot Wheels RC na Tesla Cybertruck.
Timothy Boyer shine mai ba da rahoto na Tesla da EV don Torque News a Cincinnati.Kwarewa a cikin gyaran mota na farko, yana mayar da tsofaffin motoci akai-akai kuma yana gyara injuna don inganta aikin.Bi Tim akan Twitter @TimBoyerWrites don yau da kullum na Tesla da EV labarai.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-21-2022